Org. Synth. 1970, 50, 24
DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.050.0024
trans,trans-1,3-BUTADIENE-1,4-DIYL DIACETATE
[1,3-Butadiene-1,4-diol, diacetate, E,E-]
Submitted by Robert M. Carlson
1 and Richard K. Hill
2.
Checked by Jack M. Pal and Peter Yates.
1. Procedure
Caution! Benzene has been identified as a carcinogen; OSHA has issued emergency standards on its use. All procedures involving benzene should be carried out in a well-ventilated hood, and glove protection is required.
A. trans-7,8-Diacetoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene. A 1-l., three-necked flask fitted with a reflux condenser, an efficient stirrer, and a thermometer dipping well into the solution is charged with a suspension of mercury(II) acetate (Note 1) (160 g., 0.502 mole) in glacial acetic acid (400 ml). While the suspension is stirred, 52.0 g. of cycloöctatetraene (0.500 mole) (Note 2) is added rapidly. The white addition compound that separates after 10–15 minutes is decomposed by careful heating of the reaction mixture at 70–75° for 2 hours (Note 3). While still warm, the mixture is poured through funnels containing glass wool plugs into two, 4-l. beakers, each containing 2 l. of water (Note 4). The mixture is allowed to stand for several hours, and the solid that separates is collected on a Büchner funnel and pressed as dry as possible on the funnel. The moist, yellow solid is spread out on a large piece of filter paper and allowed to dry overnight, yielding 83–86 g. (75–77.5%) of trans-7,8-diacetoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene, m.p. 52–55° (Note 5); it may be used in the next step without further purification (Note 6).
B.
trans,trans-1,3-Butadiene-1,4-diyl diacetate. A solution of the
diacetate (83.0 g., 0.373 mole) and
dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate [Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. 4, 329 (1963); 54.0 g., 0.380 mole] in
benzene (250 ml.) is placed in a
500-ml. flask and refluxed for 6 hours
(Note 7). The solution is filtered to remove the remaining
mercury and
mercury salts, and the
benzene is distilled under reduced pressure. The residual viscous yellow oil is distilled under reduced pressure
(Note 8). A mixture of
1,3-butadiene-1,4-diyl diacetate and
dimethyl phthalate is collected at 140–155° (18–20 mm.), bath temperature 170–200°, from which the diene crystallizes as colorless needles in the cooled receiver. The solid is broken up, washed onto a Büchner funnel with
petroleum ether (b.p.
60–70°), pressed between sheets of filter paper to remove excess
dimethyl phthalate, and recrystallized from
ca. 1:2 acetone–petroleum ether (b.p.
60–70°)
(Note 9), yielding
26–31 g. (
41–49%) of
trans,trans-1,3-butadiene-1,4-diyl diacetate, as colorless needles, m.p.
102–104° (Note 10),
(Note 11), and
(Note 12).
2. Notes
1.
"Baker analyzed" mercury(II) acetate was used as obtained from J. T. Baker Chemical Company.
2.
Cycloöctatetraene was used as obtained from Badische Anilin- und Soda-Fabrik, 67 Ludwigshafen, Rhein, Germany.
3.
Temperatures in excess of 75° cause darkening of the reaction mixture. The submitters found that adequate temperature control could be maintained with a Bunsen flame; the checkers used a heating mantle.
4.
This operation should be carried out in a well-ventilated hood. Scratching the sides of the beakers at the surface of the water promotes crystallization. The beakers are stirred occasionally to promote rapid crystallization and to minimize the formation of a solid cake on the bottom.
5.
The checkers obtained
92–93 g. (
83–84%); m.p.
58–61°.
6.
Melting points of
61–62°,
61.4–62.5°,
64–65°, and
66° have been reported.
3,4,5 The diacetate may be recrystallized from aqueous
acetic acid,
3,4,5 ligroin,
3 or
ethanol.
47.
A longer reflux period,
e.g., overnight, did not affect the yield.
8.
The submitters used a 500-ml. distilling flask with a
250-ml. distilling flask as receiver. The side arm of the distilling flask was extended, if necessary, with a Tygon joint into the bulb of the receiver. The receiver was cooled with a stream of cold water. The distillation was continued until about three-fourths of the material in the flask had distilled. The checkers used standard-taper glassware for the distillation and found it necessary to heat the distillation adapter with a microburner from time to time in order to prevent plugging by solidified product. They continued the distillation until no further solid product distilled.
9.
The checkers found that it was essential to conduct the recrystallization rapidly in order to obtain maximum yields.
10.
The checkers obtained a yield of
40.8 g. (
64%) when distillation of the product mixture was continued until no additional solid product distilled (
cf. (Note 8) and
(Note 9)).
11.
A satisfactory alternative to recrystallization of the diene is the following. The crude solid is placed in a
100-ml. beaker containing
40–50 ml. of a 15% solution of acetone in
petroleum ether (b.p.
60–70°). The lumps are broken up, and the colorless solid is filtered from the pale-yellow solution. A final wash with
20 ml. of ice-cold acetone leaves
31–32 g. of diene, m.p.
99–102°, pure enough for many purposes.
12.
The IR and UV spectra of the product have been reported.
6
3. Discussion
This method is essentially that described by Reppe, Schlichting, Klager, and Toepel,
3 although the correct structures were assigned by others.
4,7 7,8-Diacetoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene has also been prepared by oxidation of
cycloöctatetraene with
lead tetraäcetate,
5 and by chlorination of
cycloöctatetraene with
sulfuryl chloride followed by displacement with
potassium acetate.
3,7 The two other geometric isomers of the diene have been prepared by another method.
6 trans,trans-1,3-Butadiene-1,4-diyl diacetate is a reactive diene in the Diels-Alder reaction. It has been used as the starting material in stereospecific syntheses of
conduritol-D8 and
shikimic acid,
9,10 and in simple, general methods of preparation of benzene derivatives, especially unsymmetrical biphenyls.
11,12
Appendix
Chemical Abstracts Nomenclature (Collective Index Number);
(Registry Number)
ligroin
petroleum ether
conduritol-D
ethanol (64-17-5)
acetic acid (64-19-7)
Benzene (71-43-2)
mercury(II) acetate (1600-27-7)
mercury (7439-97-6)
acetone (67-64-1)
sulfuryl chloride (7791-25-5)
potassium acetate (127-08-2)
Dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (762-42-5)
1,3-butadiene-1,4-diyl diacetate
dimethyl phthalate (131-11-3)
7,8-Diacetoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene
shikimic acid
cyclooctatetraene
trans,trans-1,3-BUTADIENE-1,4-DIYL DIACETATE
1,3-Butadiene-1,4-diol, diacetate, E,E- (15910-11-9)
trans-7,8-Diacetoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene (42301-50-8)
lead tetraacetate (546-67-8)
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